9. State and Politics

Rise and Fall of Nations

اِنَّ اللّٰہَ لَا یُغَیِّرُ مَا بِقَوۡمٍ حَتّٰی یُغَیِّرُوۡا مَا بِاَنۡفُسِہِمۡ ؕ وَ اِذَاۤ  اَرَادَ اللّٰہُ بِقَوۡمٍ سُوۡٓءًا فَلَا مَرَدَّ لَہٗ ۚ وَ مَا لَہُمۡ مِّنۡ دُوۡنِہٖ مِنۡ وَّالٍ.(11:13)

God does not change His dealing with a people until they themselves change their traits, and when God decides to afflict them with some misfortune, none can hold it off. And for such people there is none who can help them against God. (13:11)

Fountainhead of Authority in an Islamic State

یٰۤاَیُّہَا الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا اَطِیۡعُوا اللّٰہَ وَ اَطِیۡعُوا الرَّسُوۡلَ وَ اُولِی الۡاَمۡرِ مِنۡکُمۡ ۚ فَاِنۡ تَنَازَعۡتُمۡ فِیۡ شَیۡءٍ فَرُدُّوۡہُ اِلَی اللّٰہِ وَ الرَّسُوۡلِ اِنۡ کُنۡتُمۡ تُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ بِاللّٰہِ وَ الۡیَوۡمِ الۡاٰخِرِ ؕ ذٰلِکَ خَیۡرٌ وَّ اَحۡسَنُ تَاۡوِیۡلًا.(59:4)

Believers! Obey God and obey the Messenger and those of you who are in authority. However, if you disagree among yourselves in any matter, refer it to God and the Messenger if you believe in God and the Last Day. This is better and more seemly as regards the consequences. (4:59)

Real Responsibility of an Islamic State

اِنَّ اللّٰہَ یَاۡمُرُکُمۡ اَنۡ تُؤَدُّوا الۡاَمٰنٰتِ اِلٰۤی اَہۡلِہَا ۙ وَ اِذَا حَکَمۡتُمۡ بَیۡنَ النَّاسِ اَنۡ تَحۡکُمُوۡا بِالۡعَدۡلِ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ نِعِمَّا یَعِظُکُمۡ بِہٖ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ کَانَ سَمِیۡعًۢا بَصِیۡرًا.(58:4)

God commands you to hand over the trusts to those worthy of them and when you judge between people, judge with fairness. Surely, this is from God an excellent admonition. Indeed, God is He who hears and sees all things. (4:58)

Religious Obligations of an Islamic State

اَلَّذِیۡنَ اِنۡ مَّکَّنّٰہُمۡ فِی الۡاَرۡضِ اَقَامُوا الصَّلٰوۃَ وَ اٰتَوُا الزَّکٰوۃَ وَ اَمَرُوۡا بِالۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ وَ نَہَوۡا عَنِ الۡمُنۡکَرِ ؕ وَ لِلّٰہِ عَاقِبَۃُ الۡاُمُوۡرِ.(41:22)

These believers are those who, if We grant them authority in this land, will be diligent in the prayer, pay zakah, enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil. (22:41)

System of Governance of an Islamic State

وَ اَمۡرُہُمۡ شُوۡرٰی بَیۡنَہُمۡ.(38:42)

And their system is based on their consultation. (42:38)

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