Principles of Understanding the Hadīth

Ahadith (plural of Hadith) are narratives which record the words, deeds and tacit approvals of the Prophet Muhammad (sws). They are mostly akhbar-i ahad (isolate reports). It is absolutely evident that they do not add to the contents of religion stated in the Qur’an and Sunnah. In technical terms, they do not add any article of faith or any deed to religion. It has been stated at the beginning of this chapter that it is outside the scope of Ahadith to give an independent directive not covered by the Qur’an and Sunnah. However, this is also a reality that the Hadith literature is the largest and most important source which records the biography, history and the exemplary life of the Prophet Muhammad (sws) as well as his invaluable explanations of various issues of religion. Thus it occupies such great importance that no student of religion can ignore it. It is because of this importance of Hadith that it is essential to know the principles which help us in understanding them.