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Contents of Religion

The metaphysical and ethical bases of this worship which have been prescribed by religion are called al-Hikmah, and the rituals and limits prescribed for it by religion are called al-Kitāb by the Qur’ān:

وَأَنزَلَ اللّهُ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَعَلَّمَكَ مَا لَمْ تَكُنْ تَعْلَمُ وَكَانَ فَضْلُ اللّهِ عَلَيْكَ عَظِيمًا
And God has revealed to you al-Kitāb and al-Hikmah and in this manner taught you what you did not know before, and great is God’s favour upon you. (4:113)
وَاذْكُرُواْ نِعْمَتَ اللّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَا أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِّنَ الْكِتَابِ وَالْحِكْمَةِ يَعِظُكُم بِهِ وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
And remember the favors He has bestowed upon you, and the al-Kitāb and al-Hikmah which He has revealed to you, of which He instructs you. Fear Allah and know that He has knowledge of all things. (2:231)

The Qur’ān also refers to al-Kitāb as sharī‘ah:

ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاء الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Then We set you on a clear sharī‘ah regarding religion. So follow it, and do not yield to the desires of men who know not. (45:18)

Al-Hikmah has always remained the same in all revealed religions; however, al-Kitāb has remained different due to evolution and change in human civilizations and societies:

لِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مِنكُمْ شِرْعَةً وَمِنْهَاجًا وَلَوْ شَاء اللّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً
We have ordained a law and assigned a path for each of you. Had God pleased, He could have made of you one community. (5:48)

A study of divine scriptures shows that the sharī‘ah constitutes the major portion of the Torah and the hikmah generally constitutes the Injīl. The Psalms are hyms which glorify the Almighty and are a fore runner to the hikmah of the Injīl. The Qur’ān was revealed as a masterpiece of literature comprising both sharī‘ah and hikmah giving warning to those who evade it and glad tidings to those who follow it. The fact that the Qur’ān is a blend of both sharī‘ah and hikmah is clearly mentioned in the verses 2:231 and 4:113 quoted above. About the Torah and the Injīl, the Almighty while narrating one of His dialogues which will take place with Jesus (sws) on the Day of Judgement says:

وَإِذْ عَلَّمْتُكَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَالتَّوْرَاةَ وَالإِنجِيلَ
And when I instructed you with the sharī‘ah and the hikmah, that is the Torah and the Gospel. (5:110)

al-Hikmah basically comprises the following two topics:

1. Faith

2. Ethics

al-Kitāb comprises the following ten topics:

1. The Sharī‘ah of Worship Rituals

2. The Social Sharī‘ah

3. The Political Sharī‘ah

4. The Economic Sharī‘ah

5. The Sharī‘ah of Preaching

6. The Sharī‘ah of Jihād

7. The Penal Sharī‘ah

8. The Dietary Sharī‘ah

9. Islamic Customs and Etiquette

10. Oaths and their Atonement

References in this article

  • Chapter 002 Verse 231
  • Chapter 004 Verse 113
  • Chapter 005 Verse 048
  • Chapter 005 Verse 110
  • Chapter 045 Verse 018

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Source:

  • "Meezan" (Urdu - Published 2009, Lahore; ISBN 48593948) Author: Javed Ahmad Ghamidi

دین ۔ کتاب اور حکمت

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حوالہ جات

  • Chapter 002 Verse 231
  • Chapter 004 Verse 113
  • Chapter 005 Verse 048
  • Chapter 005 Verse 110
  • Chapter 045 Verse 018

حواشی

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  • "Meezan" (Urdu - Published 2009, Lahore; ISBN 48593948) Author: Javed Ahmad Ghamidi

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Contents of Religion

Javed Ahmad Ghamidi

The metaphysical and ethical bases of this worship which have been prescribed by religion are called al-Hikmah, and the rituals and limits prescribed for it by religion are called al-Kitāb by the Qur’ān:

وَأَنزَلَ اللّهُ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَعَلَّمَكَ مَا لَمْ تَكُنْ تَعْلَمُ وَكَانَ فَضْلُ اللّهِ عَلَيْكَ عَظِيمًا
And God has revealed to you al-Kitāb and al-Hikmah and in this manner taught you what you did not know before, and great is God’s favour upon you. (4:113)
وَاذْكُرُواْ نِعْمَتَ اللّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَا أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِّنَ الْكِتَابِ وَالْحِكْمَةِ يَعِظُكُم بِهِ وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
And remember the favors He has bestowed upon you, and the al-Kitāb and al-Hikmah which He has revealed to you, of which He instructs you. Fear Allah and know that He has knowledge of all things. (2:231)

The Qur’ān also refers to al-Kitāb as sharī‘ah:

ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاء الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Then We set you on a clear sharī‘ah regarding religion. So follow it, and do not yield to the desires of men who know not. (45:18)

Al-Hikmah has always remained the same in all revealed religions; however, al-Kitāb has remained different due to evolution and change in human civilizations and societies:

لِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مِنكُمْ شِرْعَةً وَمِنْهَاجًا وَلَوْ شَاء اللّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً
We have ordained a law and assigned a path for each of you. Had God pleased, He could have made of you one community. (5:48)

A study of divine scriptures shows that the sharī‘ah constitutes the major portion of the Torah and the hikmah generally constitutes the Injīl. The Psalms are hyms which glorify the Almighty and are a fore runner to the hikmah of the Injīl. The Qur’ān was revealed as a masterpiece of literature comprising both sharī‘ah and hikmah giving warning to those who evade it and glad tidings to those who follow it. The fact that the Qur’ān is a blend of both sharī‘ah and hikmah is clearly mentioned in the verses 2:231 and 4:113 quoted above. About the Torah and the Injīl, the Almighty while narrating one of His dialogues which will take place with Jesus (sws) on the Day of Judgement says:

وَإِذْ عَلَّمْتُكَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَالتَّوْرَاةَ وَالإِنجِيلَ
And when I instructed you with the sharī‘ah and the hikmah, that is the Torah and the Gospel. (5:110)

al-Hikmah basically comprises the following two topics:

1. Faith

2. Ethics

al-Kitāb comprises the following ten topics:

1. The Sharī‘ah of Worship Rituals

2. The Social Sharī‘ah

3. The Political Sharī‘ah

4. The Economic Sharī‘ah

5. The Sharī‘ah of Preaching

6. The Sharī‘ah of Jihād

7. The Penal Sharī‘ah

8. The Dietary Sharī‘ah

9. Islamic Customs and Etiquette

10. Oaths and their Atonement

دین ۔ کتاب اور حکمت

Javed Ahmad Ghamidi

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